Memordust
Afrobarometer Round 9 data confirm that women continue to engage at substantially lower rates than men across all indicators included in the survey. And youth (aged 18-35) are less engaged than older generations on all types of political and civic participation…
Youth engagement levels globally reflect a complex interplay of resources (more time, more education, more energy, but less developed skills and less money) interacting with lifecycle and generational effects (Isaksson, 2014). In Africa, moreover, youth often have radically different experiences of democracy than their parents and grandparents (Mattes, 2012). But ultimately most studies have expected, and found, that youth participate less than older cohorts.

This continues to hold true in Afrobarometer’s most recent findings (Figure 22). For all types of political and civic participation except protest, young Africans (aged 18-35, using the African Union definition) are less politically engaged than older generations. The disparity is largest for voting, where a massive 18-percentage-point gap separates youth from older respondents: Nearly four in 10 young people (37%) are relinquishing their opportunity – or abdicating their responsibility – to select their own leaders. (For country breakdowns, see Page 29).

Youth are also less likely to feel close to a party (-8 points), to attend a community meeting (-12 points), to join with others to raise an issue (-8 points), and to contact traditional leaders and local government councillors (-10 points each).

The one form of participation where the young marginally surpass their elders is protest: One in 10 youth (10%) say they joined a protest during the previous year, compared to 8% among those over 35.


青年参与水平反映了资源(更多时间、更多教育、更多精力,但技能和金钱较少)与生命周期和代际效应(Isaksson,2014)之间复杂的相互作用。此外,在非洲,青年对民主的体验往往与他们的父母和祖父母截然不同(Mattes,2012)。但最终,大多数研究都预期并发现,青年参与度低于老年群体。

这在非洲晴雨表的最新调查结果中依然如此(图22)。除了抗议之外,在所有类型的政治和公民参与中,非洲青年(18-35岁,采用非洲联盟的定义)的政治参与度都低于老一辈。投票方面的差距最大,青年与老年受访者之间存在高达18个百分点的巨大差距:近十分之四的年轻人(37%)放弃了选择自己领导人的机会——或推卸了他们的责任。(有关国家细分,请参见第29页)。

青年也不太可能感到与某个政党亲近(-8个百分点),参加社区会议(-12个百分点),与他人一起提出问题(-8个百分点),以及联系传统领导人和地方政府议员(各-10个百分点)。

青年略微超越老年人的唯一一种参与形式是抗议:十分之一的青年(10%)表示他们在前一年参加了抗议,而35岁以上的人群中这一比例为8%。
Memordust
第31页
〈…〉 Taken together, these findings suggest that advocates for overcoming women’s general disadvantage in political and civic participation will need analysis tailored to particular forms of engagement and specific countries to identify where and why women’s voices are most egregiously missing.


〈…〉总而言之,这些〈详见报告的〉发现表明,倡导克服女性在政治和公民参与中普遍劣势的人,需要针对特定的参与形式和具体的国家进行分析,以确定女性的声音在何处以及为何最严重地缺失。
Memordust
Afrobarometer Round 9 data confirm that women continue to engage at substantially lower rates than men across all indicators included in the survey. And youth (aged 18-35) are less engaged than older generations on all types of political and civic participation…
Resource-based analyses also predict lower participation for women, who face a mix of distinct incentives and disincentives for engagement. On the one hand, women often feel the burden of meeting family needs for food, clean water, health care, and education most profoundly. But they have fewer resources in terms of assets, time, and education. As a result, findings from many regions show that women have historically participated at lower rates than men. Although this gap appears to be closing rapidly in Western democracies (Inglehart & Norris, 2000), it has proved much more persistent in Africa.
Stark gender differences may reflect not just resource endowments but also structural and cultural factors that constrain women’s engagement (Isaksson et al., 2014; Twum & Logan, 2023). For example, although Afrobarometer has long found that in principle Africans strongly support women’s equality in politics, in practice the picture is less rosy, as a majority (52%) report that women who run for office are likely to experience harassment, and many women continue to face discrimination of various types in homes, schools, and workplaces (Twum & Logan, 2023; African Development Bank Group & UNECA, 2024). Limited social tolerance for women’s absence from the home or direct engagement with still predominantly male political leaders may pose significant hurdles to women’s participation. Afrobarometer Round 9 data confirm that women engage at substantially lower rates than men across all 10 indicators included in the survey (Figure 21). The smallest margins are in voting (-6 percentage points), contacting members of Parliament (MPs) (-6 points), and protesting (-3 points). The gap grows to -16 points for discussing politics and to -14 points for both attending community meetings and joining with others to raise an issue. (For more detail on gender differences at the country level, see Page 31). Women are also less likely to contact leaders, by margins of up to -13 points in the case of traditional leaders.


基于资源的分析还预测女性的参与度会较低,她们面临着参与的独特激励和抑制因素的混合。一方面,女性往往最深刻地感受到满足家庭对食物、清洁水、医疗保健和教育需求的负担。但她们在资产、时间和教育方面的资源较少。因此,许多地区的研究结果表明,女性的历史参与率低于男性。尽管这种差距在西方民主国家似乎正在迅速缩小(Inglehart & Norris, 2000),但在非洲却持续存在。

显著的性别差异可能不仅反映了资源禀赋,还反映了限制女性参与的结构和文化因素(Isaksson et al., 2014; Twum & Logan, 2023)。例如,尽管非洲晴雨表长期以来发现非洲人原则上强烈支持女性在政治上的平等,但实际上情况并不那么乐观,因为大多数人(52%)报告说竞选公职的女性可能会遭受骚扰,许多女性在家庭、学校和工作场所继续面临各种形式的歧视(Twum & Logan, 2023; African Development Bank Group & UNECA, 2024)。社会对女性离家或直接与仍然以男性为主的政治领导人接触的有限容忍度,可能对女性的参与构成重大障碍。非洲晴雨表第九轮数据显示,在调查中包含的所有10项指标中,女性的参与率都大大低于男性(图21)。最小的差距在于投票(-6个百分点)、联系议会议员(-6个百分点)和抗议(-3个百分点)。讨论政治的差距扩大到-16个百分点,参加社区会议和与他人一起提出问题的差距都扩大到-14个百分点。(有关国家层面性别差异的更多详细信息,请参见第31页)。女性联系领导人的可能性也较小,在传统领导人方面差距高达-13个百分点。
Memordust
Afrobarometer Round 9 data confirm that women continue to engage at substantially lower rates than men across all indicators included in the survey. And youth (aged 18-35) are less engaged than older generations on all types of political and civic participation…
In Afrobarometer Round 9 findings, education does not correlate consistently with an individual’s propensity to engage politically (Figure 19). People with post-secondary education are much more likely to discuss politics (+17 percentage points) than those with no formal schooling. But across several other forms of participation, the most educated take a back seat. They are substantially less likely to vote (-9 points) or be affiliated with a political party (-8 points), to attend community meetings (-15 points), and to contact traditional leaders (-16 points). The more educated are, however, marginally more likely to protest (+4 points), slightly more likely to join with others to raise an issue (+3 points), and about equally likely to contact an MP, local government councillor, or political party official.

An assessment of the effects of economic status4 yields a similar story. The wealthiest and the poorest are about equally likely to vote, protest, discuss politics, and contact an MP (Figure 20). But for all of the other modes of participation, it is those who experience the greatest economic hardship who participate more, often by wide margins. People with high lived poverty are far more likely to attend a community meeting (+24 points) and contact a traditional leader (+21 points), both more traditional forms of engagement. But they are also more likely to identify with a political party (+12 points), to join with others to raise an issue (+13 points), and to contact a local government councillor (+10 points) or a political party official (+6 points).

It appears that needs – for better access to services, for jobs, for economic stability, and for a better quality of life – may be a key motivator for political participation in Africa, even when resources, skills, and opportunities are in short supply.


在非洲晴雨表第九轮调查结果中,教育与个人参与政治的倾向性没有持续的相关性(图19)。受过高等教育的人比没有受过正规教育的人更有可能讨论政治(高出17个百分点)。但在其他几种参与形式中,受教育程度最高的人却退居次席。他们投票的可能性大大降低(-9个百分点),与政党结盟的可能性也大大降低(-8个百分点),参加社区会议的可能性降低(-15个百分点),联系传统领导人的可能性降低(-16个百分点)。然而,受教育程度较高的人参与抗议的可能性略高(+4个百分点),与他人一起提出问题的可能性略高(+3个百分点),并且联系议员、地方政府议员或政党官员的可能性大致相同。

对经济状况影响的评估4得出了类似的结果。最富有和最贫困的人在投票、抗议、讨论政治和联系议员方面的可能性大致相同(图20)。但对于所有其他参与模式,经济最困难的人参与更多,而且往往差距很大。生活贫困程度高的人更有可能参加社区会议(+24个百分点)和联系传统领导人(+21个百分点),这两种都是更传统的参与形式。但他们也更有可能认同某个政党(+12个百分点),与他人一起提出问题(+13个百分点),并联系地方政府议员(+10个百分点)或政党官员(+6个百分点)。

由此观之,对更好服务、就业、经济稳定和更高生活质量的需求,可能是非洲政治参与的关键动力,即使资源、技能和机会都很匮乏。
Memordust
Citizen_engagement_Afrobarometer_flagship_report_ENG_4july25_1.pdf
Afrobarometer Round 9 data confirm that women continue to engage at substantially lower rates than men across all indicators included in the survey. And youth (aged 18-35) are less engaged than older generations on all types of political and civic participation except protest; the disparity is largest for voting, where an 18-percentage-point gap separates youth from their elders. But as last year’s massive protests against Kenya’s Finance Bill demonstrate, once motivated, youth engagement can carry impressive weight. It may also take new forms: In response to a question asked in 28 countries in 2024 (Round 10), 7% of young Africans say they used social media during the previous year to “post about politics or community affairs” – a still-nascent form of political participation that has shown remarkable impact and is likely to grow.

Compared to citizens with post-secondary education, those with no formal schooling are more likely to vote, to identify with a political party, to attend community meetings, and to contact traditional leaders, and are about equally likely to contact an MP, local government councillor, or political party official.

Similarly, the poorest citizens are more likely than the well-off to identify with a political party, attend a community meeting, join with others to raise an issue, and contact traditional leaders, local government councillors, and political party officials, and are about equally likely to vote, protest, discuss politics, and contact MPs.


非洲晴雨表第九轮调查数据证实:在调查涵盖的所有指标中,女性参与率仍显著低于男性。青年群体(18-35岁)在除抗议活动外的各类政治及公民参与中均低于年长世代,其中投票参与率的代际差距最大——青年群体比年长者低18个百分点。但去年肯尼亚针对《财政法案》的大规模抗议活动表明,青年群体一旦被动员起来,其影响力不容小觑。参与形式也可能创新:2024年第十轮在28国的调查显示,7%的非洲青年表示过去一年曾通过社交媒体“发布政治或社区事务相关内容”——这种仍处于萌芽阶段的政治参与形式已展现显著影响力,且潜力可观。

与受过高等教育的群体相比,未接受正规教育的公民更倾向于投票、认同政党、参加社区会议及联络传统领袖(如,部落首领等);而在联系议员、地方政府委员或政党官员方面,两者概率基本持平。

同样,最贫困群体比富裕阶层更可能认同政党、参加社区会议、联合发起议题、联络传统领袖及地方政府委员和政党官员;而在投票、抗议、讨论政治议题和联系议员等方面,两者的参与概率大致相当。
国务院办公厅印发《关于健全“高效办成一件事”重点事项常态化推进机制的意见》(以下简称《意见》),对进一步优化政务服务、提升行政效能,健全常态化推进机制作出部署。

《意见》强调,要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届二中、三中全会精神,践行以人民为中心的发展思想,进一步发挥“高效办成一件事”牵引作用,推动重点事项清单管理和常态化实施,在更多领域更大范围加强部门协同和服务集成,带动政府治理能力整体提升,持续优化营商环境,增强企业和群众获得感,助力高质量发展。

《意见》提出4个方面的重点任务。一是加强重点事项清单管理,明确经营主体和个人全生命周期重点事项总体清单,发布年度重点事项清单,鼓励探索建立特色事项清单。二是推动重点事项常态化实施,优化重点事项业务流程,统筹线上办事系统建设,提升线下办事服务能力,加大政务数据共享力度,探索开展“人工智能+政务服务”,注重用户体验和评价反馈。三是拓展“高效办成一件事”应用领域,推进“一类事”服务集成化,提升综合监管质效,提高政务运行效能。四是强化组织实施,加强行业指导和跨部门协同,注重省级统筹和基层创新,完善制度和标准体系,做好业务指导和宣传引导。

《意见》指出,坚持集约高效、整体规划,加强资产调剂共享,避免低效闲置、铺张浪费,坚决防治和纠正政务服务中的“面子工程”。强化统筹规划,在确保安全的前提下稳妥有序推进人工智能大模型等新技术在政务服务领域应用。持续完善全国一体化在线政务服务平台,强化有关业务系统集约整合和互联互通,提高安全防护能力水平。

《意见》要求,国务院有关部门要加强本行业本领域重点事项统筹协调,强化条块联动,实现涉及本行业本领域的“一件事”标准统一、业务协同。各省(自治区、直辖市)人民政府要统筹推进本地区“高效办成一件事”工作,明确部门分工,加强综合协调,强化跟踪督办和创新激励。注重发挥市县级政务服务管理部门直接服务企业和群众的优势,创造性推动重点事项在基层一线落地见效。
2025年7月8日,湖南省郴州市中级人民法院一审公开宣判西藏自治区人民政府原党组成员、副主席王勇受贿一案,以受贿罪判处被告人王勇死刑,缓期二年执行,剥夺政治权利终身,并处没收个人全部财产;将追缴在案的王勇受贿所得财物及其孳息依法上缴国库,不足部分继续追缴。

经审理查明:2007年至2023年,被告人王勇利用担任民航西南地区管理局政策法规处处长,民航贵州安全监管局党委书记、局长,贵州省机场集团有限公司党委书记、董事长兼任贵阳龙洞堡国际机场三期扩建工程指挥部指挥长等职务上的便利以及职权或者地位形成的便利条件,帮助有关单位和个人承揽工程,非法收受财物共计折合人民币2.71亿余元。

郴州市中级人民法院认为,被告人王勇的行为构成受贿罪,应依法惩处。王勇受贿数额特别巨大,并使国家和人民利益遭受特别重大损失。鉴于王勇归案后提供其他重大案件线索经查证属实,有重大立功表现,其受贿犯罪中有未遂情节,如实供述罪行,主动交代办案机关尚未掌握的大部分受贿犯罪事实,认罪悔罪,积极退赃,受贿所得财物及其孳息已部分追缴到案,具有法定、酌定从宽处罚情节,对其判处死刑,可不立即执行。法庭遂作出上述判决。

据悉,郴州市中级人民法院于2025年5月15日公开开庭审理了该案。庭审中,检察机关出示了相关证据,被告人王勇及其辩护人进行了质证,控辩双方在法庭的主持下充分发表了意见,王勇进行了最后陈述,并当庭表示认罪悔罪。人大代表、政协委员、新闻记者和各界群众40余人旁听了庭审。
非洲晴雨表《2025年公民参与旗舰报告》线上发布会将于北京时间7月8日(星期二)17:30举行。
外交部发言人8日宣布:应国务院总理李强邀请,澳大利亚总理阿尔巴尼斯将于7月12日至18日对中国进行正式访问。
尼泊尔北部拉苏瓦县8日凌晨因持续降雨引发山洪。中国驻尼泊尔大使馆说,据中方企业核查,中方援建尼方口岸一侧设施项目有6名中方员工和8名尼方员工失踪,尼军警部门正开展紧急救援。
据中国载人航天工程办公室消息,北京时间2025年7月8日15时9分,天舟八号货运飞船顺利撤离空间站组合体,转入独立飞行阶段,将于近期择机受控再入大气层。

据了解,在再入大气层过程中,货运飞船绝大部分器件将烧蚀销毁,少量残骸将落入预定安全海域。

2024年11月15日,天舟八号货运飞船在我国文昌航天发射场发射升空,11月16日成功对接于空间站天和核心舱后向端口。
当地时间7月7日,美国财政部长贝森特表示,他预计将在未来几周内与中方官员会面,以推动中美在贸易及其他议题上的磋商。
7月8日,外交部发言人毛宁主持例行记者会。有记者提问,美国总统特朗普7日表示,将从8月1日起分别对来自日本、韩国等14个国家的进口产品征收25%至40%不等的关税。外交部对此有何评论?此外,你有关于中美贸易谈判的最新情况吗?

毛宁表示,在关税问题上,中方的立场是一贯的,也是非常明确的,关税战、贸易战没有赢家,搞保护主义损害各方利益。你关心中美之间的这个谈判,建议你向中方的主管部门了解。
外交部发言人8日宣布:中共中央政治局委员、外交部长王毅将出席于7月10日至11日在马来西亚吉隆坡举行的中国—东盟外长会、东盟与中日韩外长会、东亚峰会外长会和东盟地区论坛外长会。
据报道,台军7月9日起将进行“汉光41号”演习实兵演练,重点演练所谓“灰色地带袭扰应对”“联合反登陆作战”及“岛上持久防御”等课目,多款美制装备将首次参演。对此,国防部发言人表示,“汉光”演习不过是虚张声势,阻挡不了祖国必然统一的历史大势。

国防部新闻发言人 蒋斌:“汉光”演习不过是民进党当局虚张声势、自欺欺人的把戏,企图将台湾老百姓绑上“台独”战车,为一党之私害台毁台。我们正告民进党当局,妄图“以武谋独”死路一条。无论怎么演、用什么武器,都抵挡不住解放军的反“独”利剑,阻挡不了祖国必然统一的历史大势。
Back to Top